Sutures and Wound Repair/ General Surgery (ABSA) Practice Test

Post-operative gastrointestinal bleeding can lead to which type of shock?

1. Neurogenic shock

2. Cardiogenic shock

3. Hypovolemic shock

4. Septic shock

The correct answer is: Hypovolemic shock

Post-operative gastrointestinal bleeding can lead to hypovolemic shock due to significant blood loss. When there is extensive bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, the body experiences a reduction in circulating blood volume. This decrease in blood volume can result in inadequate perfusion of vital organs and tissues. In hypovolemic shock, the body's compensatory mechanisms attempt to maintain blood pressure and circulation by increasing heart rate and constricting blood vessels. However, if the bleeding continues and blood loss is substantial, these compensatory mechanisms eventually fail, leading to a state of shock. The symptoms may include low blood pressure, rapid pulse, confusion, and weakness. Understanding the role of blood volume in maintaining circulatory status is critical in managing post-operative patients. Prompt identification and treatment of hypovolemic shock, typically through fluid resuscitation and possibly transfusion of blood products, are essential to prevent further complications and improve patient outcomes. This emphasizes the importance of monitoring for any signs of gastrointestinal bleeding after surgery and intervening quickly when necessary.