Sutures and Wound Repair/ General Surgery (ABSA) Practice Test

What serious post-operative problem can follow a parathyroidectomy?

1. Gout

2. Hyperglycemia

3. Tetany

4. Pheochromocytoma

The correct answer is: Tetany

Following a parathyroidectomy, a serious post-operative problem that can occur is tetany. This condition typically results from a sudden drop in serum calcium levels, which can occur if the parathyroid glands, responsible for regulating calcium in the body, are inadvertently damaged or removed during surgery. The parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium levels; thus, their removal can lead to hypoparathyroidism and subsequent hypocalcemia. Tetany is characterized by muscle spasms, cramps, and neuromuscular irritability, which are indicative of low calcium levels in the blood. The signs and symptoms can manifest as tingling in the fingers, muscle cramps, or even more severe complications if not treated promptly. This highlights the need for careful monitoring of calcium levels post-surgery and the potential administration of calcium supplements or medications to stabilize serum calcium. In contrast, other conditions listed, such as gout, hyperglycemia, and pheochromocytoma, are not directly associated with the immediate consequences of a parathyroidectomy. Gout is related to uric acid metabolism, hyperglycemia concerns blood sugar levels typically influenced by diabetes or hormonal imbalances, and pheochromocytoma involves an adrenal